Skip to content

CBMC: Add CaDiCaL as a second solver for polyvec_matrix_expand(_serial) - #1515

Closed
mkannwischer wants to merge 2 commits into
mainfrom
cbmc-matrix-expand-unroll
Closed

mkannwischer wants to merge 2 commits into
mainfrom
cbmc-matrix-expand-unroll

Conversation

@mkannwischer

Copy link
Copy Markdown
Contributor

With the loop contracts, the matrix entries sampled in each iteration are havocked at a symbolic offset into mld_polymat_eager, which makes the propositional encoding very large.

For cadical only, fully unroll the sampling loops instead, so that each entry is written at a constant offset. Unwinding assertions check that the bounds cover all parameter sets. The z3 configurations and the code are unchanged.

Add cadical as a second solver for polyvec_matrix_expand and polyvec_matrix_expand_serial.

@oqs-bot

oqs-bot commented Oct 30, 2026 •

Copy link
Copy Markdown
Contributor

CBMC Results (ML-DSA-44, REDUCE-RAM)

* default.

Full Results (435 configurations)
Proof DM Solver Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** - - ✅ 1407s 1577s -10.8%
caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
compute_pack_t0_t1 LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 31s 37s -16%
decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
fqmul LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 25s 27s -7%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 19s 21s -10%
fqscale LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 3s -67%
intt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 22s 27s -19%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
intt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 7s +14%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
intt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 8s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 1s +0%
intt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 16s 21s -24%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccak_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 4s +50%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 6s 5s +20%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 6s 7s -14%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
keccak_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
keccak_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccak_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_permute LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccakf1600_permute_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccakf1600x4_permute LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 12s 14s -14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 11s 12s -8%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 2s 2s +0%
make_hint LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
mld_attempt_signature_generation LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 140s 178s -21%
mld_check_pct LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 5s +20%
mld_compute_pack_z LP64 cadical ✅ 38s 41s -7%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
mld_ct_abs_i32 ILP32 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
ILP32 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
ILP32 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_ct_memcmp LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 79s 99s -20%
mld_ct_sel_int32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
mld_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_invntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 64s 75s -15%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 70s 86s -19%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 3s +67%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 14s 14s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 116s 139s -17%
mld_ntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 28s 30s -7%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 4s 4s +0%
mld_polymat_expand_entry LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2 LP64 cadical ✅ 28s 38s -26%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 90s 93s -3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_sign_attempt LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_sign_finish LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_sign_hook_resume LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
mld_value_barrier_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_value_barrier_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_value_barrier_u8 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
montgomery_reduce LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
ntt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 18s 25s -28%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
ntt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 6s +17%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
ntt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 8s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 3s -33%
ntt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 18s 21s -14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 180s 196s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
pack_sig_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
pack_sig_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
pack_sig_z LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 56s 63s -11%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 55s 60s -8%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
pointwise_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 22s 26s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
pointwise_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 9s -11%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
pointwise_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 10s 9s +11%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pointwise_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 23s 24s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_add LP64 cadical ✅ 46s 66s -30%
LP64 z3* ✅ 13s 16s -19%
poly_caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_caddq_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 19s 26s -27%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_caddq_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 112s 117s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 34s 39s -13%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 122s 150s -19%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_challenge LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 24s 30s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_chknorm LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 4s -75%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_chknorm_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 8s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 10s 10s +0%
poly_chknorm_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 4s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose_c LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 219s 259s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
poly_decompose_native LP64 cadical ✅ 18s 14s +29%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 8s 11s -27%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_invntt_tomont LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 4s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_invntt_tomont_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 150s 188s -20%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 8s 7s +14%
poly_invntt_tomont_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 47s 51s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_ntt LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_ntt_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 45s 58s -22%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 12s 12s +0%
poly_ntt_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 27s 31s -13%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_pointwise_montgomery LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 13s -38%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 188s 224s -16%
LP64 z3* ✅ 77s 93s -17%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 53s 54s -2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 295s 324s -9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_reduce LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 11s -27%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
poly_shiftl LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 10s 13s -23%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_sub LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 14s 17s -18%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 182s 214s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_uniform_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_uniform_eta LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 77s 91s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_uniform_eta_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 59s 80s -26%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 10s -30%
poly_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cadical ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_use_hint LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 22s 27s -19%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_use_hint_c LP64 cvc5_enum_inst ✅ 12s 15s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
poly_use_hint_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 95s 91s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 31s 39s -21%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 33s 37s -11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 5s -60%
polyeta_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 5s +40%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
polyeta_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 9s -11%
polyt0_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 8s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
polyt0_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 7s +0%
polyt1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyt1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvec_matrix_expand LP64 cadical ✅ 2s omitted new
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial LP64 cadical ✅ 2s omitted new
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row LP64 cadical ✅ 39s 39s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec LP64 cadical ✅ 459s 503s -9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 104s 120s -13%
polyveck_caddq LP64 cadical ✅ 102s 109s -6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
polyveck_decompose_pack_w1 LP64 cadical ✅ 105s 113s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyveck_invntt_tomont LP64 cadical ✅ 138s 147s -6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyveck_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 5s -80%
polyveck_reduce LP64 cadical ✅ 110s 119s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyveck_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyveck_unpack_eta_chknorm LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 14s 18s -22%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_chknorm LP64 cadical ✅ 58s 57s +2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 137s 123s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c LP64 cadical ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
polyvecl_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 30s 34s -12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_z LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 28s 28s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
polyw1_pack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyw1_pack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyw1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_unpack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyw1_unpack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyz_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
polyz_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 7s -29%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 6s +0%
polyz_unpack_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 24s 31s -23%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 15s 18s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
reduce32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
rej_eta LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 4s -25%
rej_eta_c LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 20s 28s -29%
rej_eta_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 16s 17s -6%
rej_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 13s 11s +18%
rej_uniform_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 9s 10s -10%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 3s -33%
rej_uniform_eta_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
rej_uniform_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 8s 10s -20%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 4s -25%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 9s 13s -31%
shake128_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
shake128_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake128_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake128_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake128_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake128x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 3s -67%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 3s -67%
shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake256_absorb LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake256_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake256_init LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake256_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake256_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake256x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 2s -50%
sig_unpack_hints LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 54s 62s -13%
LP64 z3* ✅ 38s 43s -12%
sign_keypair LP64 cadical ✅ 46s 57s -19%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 3s +100%
sign_keypair_internal LP64 cadical ✅ 147s 155s -5%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 13s 13s +0%
sign_pk_from_sk LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 30s 35s -14%
sign_signature LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 3s +67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
sign_signature_extmu LP64 cadical ✅ 20s 30s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
sign_signature_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 14s 17s -18%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 cadical ✅ 13s 13s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 5s +0%
sign_verify LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
sign_verify_extmu LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
sign_verify_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 272s 313s -13%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
sk_s1hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
sk_s2hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
sk_t0hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
sys_check_capability LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
unpack_pk_t1 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 11s 12s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
unpack_sk LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
unpack_sk_s1hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
unpack_sk_s2hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
unpack_sk_t0hat LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
use_hint LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
yvec_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
yvec_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%

@oqs-bot

oqs-bot commented Oct 30, 2026 •

Copy link
Copy Markdown
Contributor

CBMC Results (ML-DSA-44)

* default.

Full Results (435 configurations)
Proof DM Solver Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** - - ✅ 2222s 2164s +2.7%
caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
compute_pack_t0_t1 LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 104s 89s +17%
decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
fqmul LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 27s 22s +23%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 23s 22s +5%
fqscale LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
intt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 23s 27s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
intt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 6s +17%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 1s +200%
intt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 8s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 1s +200%
intt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 21s 18s +17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
keccak_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 6s 4s +50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 8s 9s -11%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 3s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 4s -50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccak_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccak_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 3s -67%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600_permute LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_permute_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 4s 2s +100%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 4s 3s +33%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600x4_permute LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 14s 13s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 12s 12s +0%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 6s 3s +100%
make_hint LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_attempt_signature_generation LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 385s 420s -8%
mld_check_pct LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 6s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 5s +20%
mld_compute_pack_z LP64 cadical ✅ 68s 64s +6%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
mld_ct_abs_i32 ILP32 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
ILP32 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
ILP32 z3 ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 2s -50%
mld_ct_memcmp LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 97s 86s +13%
mld_ct_sel_int32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
mld_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
mld_invntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 74s 61s +21%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 106s 97s +9%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 13s 13s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 189s 152s +24%
mld_ntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 25s 24s +4%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 3s 4s -25%
mld_polymat_expand_entry LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 3s +100%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2 LP64 cadical ✅ 37s 30s +23%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 95s 86s +10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
mld_sign_attempt LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_sign_finish LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
mld_sign_hook_resume LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 3s +133%
mld_value_barrier_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
mld_value_barrier_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_value_barrier_u8 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
montgomery_reduce LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
ntt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 24s 22s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
ntt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 6s 5s +20%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 1s +200%
ntt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 6s +33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 3s +0%
ntt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 19s 17s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 216s 187s +16%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pack_sig_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
pack_sig_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
pack_sig_z LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 1s +300%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 61s 58s +5%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 58s 54s +7%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
pointwise_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 25s 20s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pointwise_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 9s 8s +12%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
pointwise_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 9s -22%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
pointwise_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 24s 23s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_add LP64 cadical ✅ 62s 46s +35%
LP64 z3* ✅ 15s 14s +7%
poly_caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
poly_caddq_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 24s 19s +26%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_caddq_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 129s 116s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 40s 35s +14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 146s 117s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
poly_challenge LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 29s 26s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_chknorm LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 3s +67%
poly_chknorm_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 13s 9s +44%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 7s +14%
poly_chknorm_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 6s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 3s +67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_decompose_c LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 255s 189s +35%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
poly_decompose_native LP64 cadical ✅ 17s 14s +21%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 9s 10s -10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_invntt_tomont LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_invntt_tomont_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 187s 168s +11%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 9s 7s +29%
poly_invntt_tomont_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 50s 47s +6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
poly_ntt LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_ntt_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 59s 53s +11%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 11s 9s +22%
poly_ntt_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 30s 25s +20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 11s 8s +38%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 192s 184s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 55s 51s +8%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 55s 51s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 329s 306s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
poly_reduce LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 10s 8s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_shiftl LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 12s 12s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_sub LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 17s 17s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
poly_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 201s 183s +10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_uniform_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 64s 60s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 10s 8s +25%
poly_uniform_eta LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 92s 76s +21%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_uniform_eta_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 64s 61s +5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 11s 8s +38%
poly_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 13s 9s +44%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 25s 24s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_use_hint_c LP64 cvc5_enum_inst ✅ 15s 15s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 1s +400%
poly_use_hint_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 93s 100s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 37s 33s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 38s 32s +19%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
polyeta_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 3s +133%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
polyeta_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 5s -20%
polyt0_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyt0_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 7s +14%
polyt1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyt1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyvec_matrix_expand LP64 cadical ✅ 8s omitted new
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 15s 13s +15%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial LP64 cadical ✅ 4s omitted new
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 4s +50%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row LP64 cadical ✅ 103s 100s +3%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec LP64 cadical ✅ 246s 233s +6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 6s +17%
polyveck_caddq LP64 cadical ✅ 109s 100s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyveck_decompose_pack_w1 LP64 cadical ✅ 111s 133s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyveck_invntt_tomont LP64 cadical ✅ 146s 135s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyveck_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 121s 113s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
polyveck_reduce LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyveck_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 27s 28s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyveck_unpack_eta_chknorm LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 17s 18s -6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_chknorm LP64 cadical ✅ 55s 51s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 130s 110s +18%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c LP64 cadical ✅ 95s 104s -9%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 187s 174s +7%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 175s 166s +5%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 41s 39s +5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 40s 40s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 33s 33s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
polyvecl_unpack_z LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 28s 25s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyw1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyw1_pack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_pack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyw1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyw1_unpack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
polyw1_unpack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyz_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
polyz_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_unpack_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 5s +20%
polyz_unpack_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 28s 24s +17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 17s 12s +42%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
reduce32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
rej_eta LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 4s 2s +100%
rej_eta_c LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 21s 16s +31%
rej_eta_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 17s 13s +31%
rej_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 8s +0%
rej_uniform_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 10s 9s +11%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 4s -25%
rej_uniform_eta_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 5s -20%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
rej_uniform_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 9s 10s -10%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 3s -33%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 5s +20%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 14s 10s +40%
shake128_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
shake128_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
shake128_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
shake128_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
shake128_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 4s 2s +100%
shake128x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 1s +200%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 1s +200%
shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
shake256_absorb LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake256_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
shake256_init LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
shake256_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake256_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake256x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 3s -33%
sig_unpack_hints LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 57s 53s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 30s 29s +3%
sign_keypair LP64 cadical ✅ 52s 55s -5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 5s +20%
sign_keypair_internal LP64 cadical ✅ 155s 146s +6%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 15s 16s -6%
sign_pk_from_sk LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 33s 29s +14%
sign_signature LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
sign_signature_extmu LP64 cadical ✅ 21s 21s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
sign_signature_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 276s 239s +15%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 2s +250%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 cadical ✅ 13s 14s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
sign_verify LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sign_verify_extmu LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
sign_verify_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 377s 390s -3%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 5s -20%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sk_s1hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 31s 29s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
sk_s2hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 33s 29s +14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
sk_t0hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 33s 30s +10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
sys_check_capability LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
unpack_pk_t1 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 12s 12s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
unpack_sk LP64 cadical ✅ 34s 35s -3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
unpack_sk_s1hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 260s 254s +2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
unpack_sk_s2hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 259s 244s +6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
unpack_sk_t0hat LP64 cadical ✅ 41s 37s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
use_hint LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
yvec_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 35s 35s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
yvec_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 41s 37s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%

@oqs-bot

oqs-bot commented Oct 30, 2026 •

Copy link
Copy Markdown
Contributor

CBMC Results (ML-DSA-65, REDUCE-RAM)

* default.

Full Results (435 configurations)
Proof DM Solver Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** - - ✅ 1490s 1555s -4.2%
caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
compute_pack_t0_t1 LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 37s 43s -14%
decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
fqmul LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 26s 26s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 20s 21s -5%
fqscale LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 3s +0%
intt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 24s 25s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
intt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 8s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
intt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 7s +14%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
intt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 17s 19s -11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
keccak_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 9s 11s -18%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 4s -75%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 4s -50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccak_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccak_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccak_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600_permute LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccakf1600_permute_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 5s -80%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 5s 1s +400%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_permute LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 13s 13s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 13s 13s +0%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 1s +200%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 2s 2s +0%
make_hint LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_attempt_signature_generation LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 203s 217s -6%
mld_check_pct LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 8s -38%
mld_compute_pack_z LP64 cadical ✅ 36s 36s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
mld_ct_abs_i32 ILP32 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
ILP32 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
ILP32 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_ct_memcmp LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 87s 92s -5%
mld_ct_sel_int32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
mld_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 2s +150%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_invntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 66s 77s -14%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 73s 89s -18%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 12s 13s -8%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 119s 129s -8%
mld_ntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 26s 26s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 4s 4s +0%
mld_polymat_expand_entry LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2 LP64 cadical ✅ 47s 48s -2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 234s 240s -3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
mld_sign_attempt LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
mld_sign_finish LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_sign_hook_resume LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
mld_value_barrier_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_value_barrier_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
mld_value_barrier_u8 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
montgomery_reduce LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
ntt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 23s 20s +15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
ntt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 6s +17%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 3s -33%
ntt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 5s +40%
LP64 z3 ✅ 4s 2s +100%
ntt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 21s 22s -5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 189s 206s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
pack_sig_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 6s -50%
pack_sig_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
pack_sig_z LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 79s 80s -1%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 5s 5s +0%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 79s 80s -1%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
pointwise_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 20s 22s -9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
pointwise_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 8s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
pointwise_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 9s -11%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pointwise_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 21s 24s -12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_add LP64 cadical ✅ 50s 50s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 15s 15s +0%
poly_caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 1s +500%
poly_caddq_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 18s 22s -18%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_caddq_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 114s 121s -6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 33s 34s -3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 125s 139s -10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_challenge LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 25s 24s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_chknorm LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_chknorm_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 9s 10s -10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 7s +0%
poly_chknorm_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 8s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 2s +200%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 5s -60%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 9s 8s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_decompose_c LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 238s 262s -9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
poly_decompose_native LP64 cadical ✅ 14s 12s +17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 1s +400%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 8s 10s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_invntt_tomont LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_invntt_tomont_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 150s 170s -12%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 5s 8s -38%
poly_invntt_tomont_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 45s 50s -10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_ntt LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
poly_ntt_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 53s 56s -5%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 12s 12s +0%
poly_ntt_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 29s 27s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 11s -27%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 181s 208s -13%
LP64 z3* ✅ 81s 87s -7%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 53s 55s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 320s 338s -5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 3s +67%
poly_reduce LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 7s +14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_shiftl LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 11s 13s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
poly_sub LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 14s 16s -12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
poly_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 185s 206s -10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_uniform_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_uniform_eta LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 56s 61s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 3s +67%
poly_uniform_eta_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 55s 59s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 10s 9s +11%
poly_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cadical ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
poly_use_hint LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 24s 25s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_use_hint_c LP64 cvc5_enum_inst ✅ 13s 13s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 94s 86s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 29s 32s -9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 30s 33s -9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyeta_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyeta_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyt0_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 6s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyt0_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 10s -20%
polyt1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyt1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvec_matrix_expand LP64 cadical ✅ 3s omitted new
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial LP64 cadical ✅ 2s omitted new
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row LP64 cadical ✅ 41s 44s -7%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec LP64 cadical ✅ 826s 816s +1%
LP64 z3* ✅ 133s 139s -4%
polyveck_caddq LP64 cadical ✅ 217s 226s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyveck_decompose_pack_w1 LP64 cadical ✅ 175s 218s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
polyveck_invntt_tomont LP64 cadical ✅ 188s 192s -2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
polyveck_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
polyveck_reduce LP64 cadical ✅ 179s 181s -1%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
polyveck_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 6s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyveck_unpack_eta_chknorm LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 19s 18s +6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
polyvecl_chknorm LP64 cadical ✅ 70s 73s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
polyvecl_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 159s 168s -5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 34s 33s +3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_z LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 34s 32s +6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
polyw1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_pack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
polyw1_pack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyw1_unpack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyw1_unpack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyz_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyz_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyz_unpack_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
polyz_unpack_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 28s 27s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 16s 16s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
reduce32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
rej_eta LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 4s 3s +33%
rej_eta_c LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 17s 19s -11%
rej_eta_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 14s 14s +0%
rej_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 12s 13s -8%
rej_uniform_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 11s -27%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 2s +0%
rej_uniform_eta_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 4s -75%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
rej_uniform_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 9s 10s -10%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 4s 2s +100%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 6s -33%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 12s 14s -14%
shake128_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake128_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake128_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
shake128_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake128_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
shake128x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
shake256_absorb LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
shake256_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
shake256_init LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake256_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
shake256_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake256x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 2s +0%
sig_unpack_hints LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1407s 1489s -6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 17s 17s +0%
sign_keypair LP64 cadical ✅ 454s 496s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 5s +0%
sign_keypair_internal LP64 cadical ✅ 181s 182s -1%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 17s 22s -23%
sign_pk_from_sk LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 34s 40s -15%
sign_signature LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 7s -57%
sign_signature_extmu LP64 cadical ✅ 29s 29s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 5s -60%
sign_signature_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 15s 16s -6%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 3s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 3s +67%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 cadical ✅ 16s 15s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sign_verify LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 6s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
sign_verify_extmu LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
sign_verify_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 234s 249s -6%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sk_s1hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
sk_s2hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
sk_t0hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
sys_check_capability LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
unpack_pk_t1 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 10s 13s -23%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
unpack_sk LP64 cadical ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
unpack_sk_s1hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
unpack_sk_s2hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 1s 4s -75%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
unpack_sk_t0hat LP64 cadical ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
use_hint LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
yvec_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 8s -12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
yvec_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%

@oqs-bot

oqs-bot commented Oct 30, 2026 •

Copy link
Copy Markdown
Contributor

CBMC Results (ML-DSA-65)

* default.

Full Results (435 configurations)
Proof DM Solver Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** - - ✅ 2173s 2057s +5.6%
caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
compute_pack_t0_t1 LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 153s 143s +7%
decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
fqmul LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 26s 26s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 22s 21s +5%
fqscale LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
intt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 22s 21s +5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
intt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 8s -12%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
intt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 7s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
intt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 19s 16s +19%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
keccak_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 3s +67%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 7s 7s +0%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccak_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccak_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600_permute LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_permute_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600x4_permute LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 15s 14s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 13s 12s +8%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 2s 2s +0%
make_hint LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
mld_attempt_signature_generation LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 232s 216s +7%
mld_check_pct LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 6s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 5s +0%
mld_compute_pack_z LP64 cadical ✅ 71s 72s -1%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 7s 2s +250%
mld_ct_abs_i32 ILP32 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
ILP32 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
ILP32 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_ct_memcmp LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 83s 81s +2%
mld_ct_sel_int32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
mld_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
mld_invntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 72s 64s +12%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 95s 87s +9%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 5s 4s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 12s 13s -8%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 174s 157s +11%
mld_ntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 28s 26s +8%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 7s 4s +75%
mld_polymat_expand_entry LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2 LP64 cadical ✅ 48s 46s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 5s -20%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 230s 229s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
mld_sign_attempt LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 4s -75%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_sign_finish LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
mld_sign_hook_resume LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
mld_value_barrier_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_value_barrier_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
mld_value_barrier_u8 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
montgomery_reduce LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
ntt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 25s 18s +39%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
ntt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 7s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 5s 2s +150%
ntt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 5s +40%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 3s -67%
ntt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 19s 21s -10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 200s 179s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
pack_sig_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pack_sig_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
pack_sig_z LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 79s 77s +3%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 79s 79s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 3s 7s -57%
pointwise_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 24s 20s +20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
pointwise_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 5s +60%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 3s -33%
pointwise_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 7s +14%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
pointwise_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 23s 22s +5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_add LP64 cadical ✅ 51s 49s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 13s 13s +0%
poly_caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_caddq_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 23s 17s +35%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_caddq_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 118s 110s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 30s 32s -6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 134s 121s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_challenge LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 24s 22s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_chknorm LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 5s -60%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_chknorm_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 7s +14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 8s -12%
poly_chknorm_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 4s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 8s 8s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
poly_decompose_c LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 206s 232s -11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_decompose_native LP64 cadical ✅ 12s 13s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 9s 8s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 5s +0%
poly_invntt_tomont LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
poly_invntt_tomont_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 171s 153s +12%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 6s 5s +20%
poly_invntt_tomont_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 51s 46s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_ntt LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 6s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_ntt_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 48s 47s +2%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 12s 10s +20%
poly_ntt_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 30s 26s +15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_pointwise_montgomery LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 10s 9s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 206s 188s +10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 50s 52s -4%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 53s 56s -5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 317s 261s +21%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_reduce LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 6s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_shiftl LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 13s 10s +30%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 3s +100%
poly_sub LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 16s 13s +23%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 196s 176s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_uniform_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 60s 61s -2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 7s +14%
poly_uniform_eta LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 57s 52s +10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_uniform_eta_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 63s 56s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 10s 10s +0%
poly_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cadical ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 12s 11s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_use_hint LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 23s 26s -12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_use_hint_c LP64 cvc5_enum_inst ✅ 12s 12s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
poly_use_hint_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 83s 93s -11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 31s 30s +3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 31s 28s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyeta_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 5s -80%
polyeta_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyt0_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 5s -40%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
polyt0_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 9s -22%
polyt1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyt1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvec_matrix_expand LP64 cadical ✅ 12s omitted new
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 85s 76s +12%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial LP64 cadical ✅ 7s omitted new
LP64 z3* ✅ 15s 13s +15%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row LP64 cadical ✅ 252s 260s -3%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec LP64 cadical ✅ 424s 415s +2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 7s +0%
polyveck_caddq LP64 cadical ✅ 226s 213s +6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
polyveck_decompose_pack_w1 LP64 cadical ✅ 174s 169s +3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyveck_invntt_tomont LP64 cadical ✅ 189s 185s +2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
polyveck_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 195s 197s -1%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 6s -33%
polyveck_reduce LP64 cadical ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyveck_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 43s 40s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyveck_unpack_eta_chknorm LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 19s 17s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyvecl_chknorm LP64 cadical ✅ 71s 71s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 162s 155s +5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 10s 8s +25%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c LP64 cadical ✅ 116s 117s -1%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 168s 143s +17%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 120s 116s +3%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 34s 35s -3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 5s -60%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 34s 33s +3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 34s 34s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyvecl_unpack_z LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 36s 33s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyw1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 5s -60%
polyw1_pack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_pack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
polyw1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_unpack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyw1_unpack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 1s +300%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyz_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 5s +40%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_unpack_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyz_unpack_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 28s 27s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 18s 16s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
reduce32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
rej_eta LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 3s -33%
rej_eta_c LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 13s 11s +18%
rej_eta_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 14s 14s +0%
rej_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 8s +0%
rej_uniform_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 11s 12s -8%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 2s +0%
rej_uniform_eta_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
rej_uniform_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 10s 10s +0%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 3s +0%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 5s +60%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 13s 8s +62%
shake128_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
shake128_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
shake128_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake128_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
shake128_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
shake128x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 3s -33%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake256_absorb LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake256_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
shake256_init LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
shake256_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
shake256_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 1s +0%
shake256x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 2s -50%
sig_unpack_hints LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1472s 1335s +10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 20s 17s +18%
sign_keypair LP64 cadical ✅ 464s 427s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
sign_keypair_internal LP64 cadical ✅ 188s 180s +4%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 20s 20s +0%
sign_pk_from_sk LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 36s 35s +3%
sign_signature LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 4s +50%
sign_signature_extmu LP64 cadical ✅ 29s 27s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
sign_signature_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 190s 206s -8%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 5s -60%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 cadical ✅ 15s 15s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
sign_verify LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
sign_verify_extmu LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
sign_verify_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 449s 459s -2%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
sk_s1hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 40s 36s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
sk_s2hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 32s 30s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
sk_t0hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 33s 28s +18%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
sys_check_capability LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
unpack_pk_t1 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 12s 13s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
unpack_sk LP64 cadical ✅ 57s 46s +24%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
unpack_sk_s1hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 87s 85s +2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
unpack_sk_s2hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 159s 154s +3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
unpack_sk_t0hat LP64 cadical ✅ 85s 85s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 6s -67%
use_hint LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
yvec_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 33s 31s +6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
yvec_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 11s 9s +22%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%

@oqs-bot

oqs-bot commented Oct 30, 2026 •

Copy link
Copy Markdown
Contributor

CBMC Results (ML-DSA-87, REDUCE-RAM)

* default.

Full Results (435 configurations)
Proof DM Solver Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** - - ✅ 1561s 1426s +9.5%
caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
compute_pack_t0_t1 LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 32s 29s +10%
decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
fqmul LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 25s 22s +14%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 20s 22s -9%
fqscale LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 3s +0%
intt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 23s 20s +15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
intt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 7s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 1s +100%
intt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 1s 5s -80%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 9s 7s +29%
LP64 z3 ✅ 4s 3s +33%
intt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 18s 15s +20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
keccak_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 9s 7s +29%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 4s -50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 3s -67%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_permute LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_permute_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
LP64 z3 ✅ 4s 2s +100%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600x4_permute LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 11s 13s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 12s 14s -14%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 1s 3s -67%
make_hint LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
mld_attempt_signature_generation LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 229s 190s +21%
mld_check_pct LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 5s +0%
mld_compute_pack_z LP64 cadical ✅ 36s 34s +6%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 6s 2s +200%
mld_ct_abs_i32 ILP32 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
ILP32 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
ILP32 z3 ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 3s -67%
mld_ct_memcmp LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 88s 80s +10%
mld_ct_sel_int32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_invntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 71s 63s +13%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 80s 72s +11%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 5s 4s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 13s 12s +8%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 131s 115s +14%
mld_ntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 28s 28s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_polymat_expand_entry LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2 LP64 cadical ✅ 77s 72s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 7s +14%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 549s 530s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
mld_sign_attempt LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
mld_sign_finish LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
mld_sign_hook_resume LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
mld_value_barrier_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_value_barrier_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_value_barrier_u8 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
montgomery_reduce LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
ntt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 21s 18s +17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
ntt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 6s 7s -14%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
ntt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 7s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 3s -67%
ntt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 21s 19s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 202s 176s +15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
pack_sig_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
pack_sig_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
pack_sig_z LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 1s +300%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 110s 86s +28%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 6s 5s +20%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 90s 86s +5%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
pointwise_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 24s 19s +26%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
pointwise_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 7s +14%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 3s +0%
pointwise_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 6s 8s -25%
LP64 z3 ✅ 4s 4s +0%
pointwise_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 23s 22s +5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
poly_add LP64 cadical ✅ 49s 46s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 15s 16s -6%
poly_caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_caddq_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 22s 18s +22%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_caddq_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 120s 93s +29%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 38s 33s +15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 134s 114s +18%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_challenge LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 34s 31s +10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_chknorm LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
poly_chknorm_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 12s 8s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 7s +14%
poly_chknorm_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 6s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 3s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 8s 10s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_decompose_c LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 192s 199s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 5s -20%
poly_decompose_native LP64 cadical ✅ 15s 12s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 10s 7s +43%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_invntt_tomont LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 3s +67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_invntt_tomont_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 169s 148s +14%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 7s 5s +40%
poly_invntt_tomont_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 49s 46s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_ntt LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 4s +75%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
poly_ntt_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 53s 45s +18%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 12s 9s +33%
poly_ntt_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 28s 24s +17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
poly_pointwise_montgomery LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 10s 9s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 207s 165s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 83s 71s +17%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 50s 58s -14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 262s 241s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
poly_reduce LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 10s 8s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_shiftl LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 10s 9s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_sub LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 15s 13s +15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 187s 152s +23%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%
poly_uniform_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_uniform_eta LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 84s 78s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_uniform_eta_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 63s 61s +3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 9s 8s +12%
poly_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cadical ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
poly_use_hint LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 25s 23s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_use_hint_c LP64 cvc5_enum_inst ✅ 13s 12s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_use_hint_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 98s 94s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 29s 27s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 27s 26s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyeta_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyeta_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 9s 7s +29%
polyt0_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
polyt0_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 3s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 11s -27%
polyt1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 5s -60%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyt1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvec_matrix_expand LP64 cadical ✅ 2s omitted new
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial LP64 cadical ✅ 3s omitted new
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row LP64 cadical ✅ 48s 43s +12%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec LP64 cadical ✅ 1356s 1232s +10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 126s 115s +10%
polyveck_caddq LP64 cadical ✅ 1230s 1206s +2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
polyveck_decompose_pack_w1 LP64 cadical ✅ 209s 196s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyveck_invntt_tomont LP64 cadical ✅ 322s 301s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyveck_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
polyveck_reduce LP64 cadical ✅ 262s 245s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 1s +400%
polyveck_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
polyveck_unpack_eta_chknorm LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 19s 16s +19%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_chknorm LP64 cadical ✅ 151s 136s +11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 193s 181s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c LP64 cadical ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
polyvecl_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 48s 46s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_z LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 48s 45s +7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyw1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
polyw1_pack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_pack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyw1_unpack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 5s -20%
polyw1_unpack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
polyz_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 7s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_unpack_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
polyz_unpack_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 26s 27s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 14s 14s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
reduce32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
rej_eta LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 4s -50%
rej_eta_c LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 23s 20s +15%
rej_eta_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 15s 15s +0%
rej_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 14s 11s +27%
rej_uniform_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 11s 9s +22%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 4s 1s +300%
rej_uniform_eta_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
rej_uniform_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 11s 8s +38%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 4s -50%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 10s 10s +0%
shake128_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
shake128_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake128_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
shake128_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake128_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake128x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
shake256_absorb LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
shake256_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake256_init LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
shake256_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
shake256_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 4s 1s +300%
shake256x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 1s +0%
sig_unpack_hints LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 27s 24s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 17s 16s +6%
sign_keypair LP64 cadical ✅ 627s 491s +28%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 5s +40%
sign_keypair_internal LP64 cadical ✅ 222s 212s +5%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 29s 23s +26%
sign_pk_from_sk LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 34s 33s +3%
sign_signature LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 4s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 7s -29%
sign_signature_extmu LP64 cadical ✅ 61s 52s +17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
sign_signature_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 16s 16s +0%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 cadical ✅ 23s 23s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
sign_verify LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
sign_verify_extmu LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
sign_verify_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 269s 232s +16%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 3s +67%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 4s +25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sk_s1hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
sk_s2hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
sk_t0hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 4s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
sys_check_capability LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
unpack_pk_t1 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 13s 10s +30%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 5s -60%
unpack_sk LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
unpack_sk_s1hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
unpack_sk_s2hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 5s 1s +400%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
unpack_sk_t0hat LP64 cadical ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
use_hint LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
yvec_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 6s +17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
yvec_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%

@mkannwischer
mkannwischer marked this pull request as ready for review October 30, 2026 11:28
@mkannwischer
mkannwischer requested a review from a team as a code owner October 30, 2026 11:28
@oqs-bot

oqs-bot commented Oct 30, 2026 •

Copy link
Copy Markdown
Contributor

CBMC Results (ML-DSA-87)

* default.

Full Results (435 configurations)
Proof DM Solver Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** - - ✅ 3422s 3745s -8.6%
caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
compute_pack_t0_t1 LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 231s 270s -14%
decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
fqmul LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 23s 25s -8%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 22s 23s -4%
fqscale LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 2s +50%
intt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 22s 23s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
intt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 8s 7s +14%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 3s +0%
intt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 7s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
intt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 16s 18s -11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 4s 1s +300%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 6s 7s -14%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 9s 9s +0%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 1s +200%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccak_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 3s +67%
keccak_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
keccak_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 1s +200%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3 ✅ 4s 2s +100%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_permute LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
keccakf1600_permute_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 3s +0%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 1s 4s -75%
keccakf1600x4_permute LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 12s 14s -14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 13s 11s +18%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 4s -25%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 2s 2s +0%
make_hint LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_attempt_signature_generation LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 326s 362s -10%
mld_check_pct LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 5s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 6s +0%
mld_compute_pack_z LP64 cadical ✅ 81s 84s -4%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 6s 6s +0%
mld_ct_abs_i32 ILP32 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
ILP32 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 4s 2s +100%
ILP32 z3 ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 1s +400%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_memcmp LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 77s 88s -12%
mld_ct_sel_int32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_invntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 64s 70s -9%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 85s 95s -11%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 12s 13s -8%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 148s 175s -15%
mld_ntt_layer LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 24s 26s -8%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract ✅ 6s 5s +20%
mld_polymat_expand_entry LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 4s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2 LP64 cadical ✅ 82s 76s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 9s 6s +50%
mld_sample_pack_s1_s2_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 536s 559s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 5s +40%
mld_sign_attempt LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 6s -50%
mld_sign_finish LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 6s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
mld_sign_hook_resume LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 3s +67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
mld_value_barrier_i64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
mld_value_barrier_u32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
mld_value_barrier_u8 LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
montgomery_reduce LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
ntt_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 18s 21s -14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
ntt_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 6s 6s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 1s +200%
ntt_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 4s 9s -56%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 1s +200%
ntt_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 16s 18s -11%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 171s 200s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
pack_sig_c LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
pack_sig_h LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 3s +33%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
pack_sig_z LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 1s +300%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 88s 92s -4%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 87s 92s -5%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 4s 5s -20%
pointwise_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 19s 23s -17%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
pointwise_native_rv32im_fastmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 7s 9s -22%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 3s -33%
pointwise_native_rv32im_slowmul ILP32 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 9s 10s -10%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
pointwise_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 22s 23s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_add LP64 cadical ✅ 46s 59s -22%
LP64 z3* ✅ 14s 16s -12%
poly_caddq LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_caddq_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 17s 20s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
poly_caddq_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 103s 119s -13%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 33s 32s +3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 110s 130s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
poly_challenge LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 34s 34s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
poly_chknorm LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_chknorm_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 10s -30%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 7s +14%
poly_chknorm_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 10s -40%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_decompose LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 LP64 cadical ✅ 9s 8s +12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
poly_decompose_c LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 212s 248s -15%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
poly_decompose_native LP64 cadical ✅ 12s 14s -14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 3s +67%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 LP64 cadical ✅ 8s 10s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_invntt_tomont LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_invntt_tomont_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 139s 168s -17%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 5s 7s -29%
poly_invntt_tomont_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 46s 46s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
poly_ntt LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_ntt_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 45s 52s -13%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 11s 9s +22%
poly_ntt_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 28s 28s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 5s -40%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_pointwise_montgomery LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 10s 10s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 178s 198s -10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 47s 56s -16%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 53s 56s -5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 291s 337s -14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 4s +0%
poly_reduce LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 7s 8s -12%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_shiftl LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 10s 13s -23%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_sub LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 12s 14s -14%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
poly_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 157s 166s -5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
poly_uniform_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 56s 62s -10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 7s +0%
poly_uniform_eta LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 76s 82s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
poly_uniform_eta_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 69s 66s +5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 8s 10s -20%
poly_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cadical ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x LP64 cadical ✅ 11s 12s -8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 25s 23s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
poly_use_hint_c LP64 cvc5_enum_inst ✅ 11s 11s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 5s +0%
poly_use_hint_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 90s 83s +8%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 28s 30s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 29s 32s -9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyeta_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 8s 4s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 2s +200%
polyeta_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 2s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 5s +20%
polyt0_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 5s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 1s +400%
polyt0_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 5s -40%
LP64 z3* ✅ 9s 8s +12%
polyt1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 1s +0%
polyt1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 4s +25%
polyvec_matrix_expand LP64 cadical ✅ 18s omitted new
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 109s 115s -5%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial LP64 cadical ✅ 13s omitted new
LP64 z3* ✅ 22s 24s -8%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row LP64 cadical ✅ 581s 595s -2%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec LP64 cadical ✅ 755s 782s -3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 11s 9s +22%
polyveck_caddq LP64 cadical ✅ 1183s 1243s -5%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyveck_decompose_pack_w1 LP64 cadical ✅ 196s 210s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
polyveck_invntt_tomont LP64 cadical ✅ 305s 327s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 3s +100%
polyveck_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 1049s 1086s -3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyveck_reduce LP64 cadical ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyveck_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 53s 54s -2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
polyveck_unpack_eta_chknorm LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 19s 21s -10%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
polyvecl_chknorm LP64 cadical ✅ 134s 168s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_ntt LP64 cadical ✅ 183s 195s -6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 13s 14s -7%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c LP64 cadical ✅ 146s 156s -6%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 276s 316s -13%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 169s 185s -9%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 77s 77s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 46s 48s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
polyvecl_unpack_eta LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 46s 45s +2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyvecl_unpack_z LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 46s 47s -2%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
polyw1_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 5s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyw1_pack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 5s -80%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 1s +300%
polyw1_pack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyw1_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 2s +150%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
polyw1_unpack_32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 3s +67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 2s +100%
polyw1_unpack_88 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 3s -67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
polyz_pack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
polyz_unpack LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 6s 6s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 3s +67%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
polyz_unpack_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 5s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
polyz_unpack_native LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 25s 27s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 14s 18s -22%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
power2round LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
reduce32 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 5s 2s +150%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
rej_eta LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 3s +0%
rej_eta_c LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 16s 19s -16%
rej_eta_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 15s 16s -6%
rej_uniform LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3* ✅ 7s 7s +0%
rej_uniform_c LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 9s 13s -31%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 2s 3s -33%
rej_uniform_eta_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
rej_uniform_native LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 10s 11s -9%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 1s +200%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 8s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only* ✅ 10s 12s -17%
shake128_absorb LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 1s +200%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
shake128_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 1s +400%
shake128_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
shake128_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
shake128_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
shake128x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 1s 3s -67%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3 ✅ 2s 2s +0%
shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 4s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
shake256_absorb LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 1s +100%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
shake256_finalize LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 2s +50%
shake256_init LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 1s 1s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 4s -50%
shake256_release LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 1s +400%
shake256_squeeze LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3 ✅ 3s 1s +200%
shake256x4_absorb_once LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
LP64 z3 ✅ 4s 3s +33%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks LP64 bitwuzla* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
LP64 z3_smt_only ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sig_unpack_hints LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 27s 26s +4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 15s 18s -17%
sign_keypair LP64 cadical ✅ 605s 631s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 5s -20%
sign_keypair_internal LP64 cadical ✅ 215s 224s -4%
LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 19s 26s -27%
sign_pk_from_sk LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 30s 38s -21%
sign_signature LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 4s 5s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sign_signature_extmu LP64 cadical ✅ 51s 61s -16%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 3s +33%
sign_signature_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 417s 453s -8%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 1s 2s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 6s 4s +50%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 cadical ✅ 20s 25s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 4s 5s -20%
sign_verify LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 5s 2s +150%
sign_verify_extmu LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 2s +50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 1s +100%
sign_verify_internal LP64 z3_no_bv_extract* ✅ 1169s 1318s -11%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 4s -50%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 5s -40%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sk_s1hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 33s 34s -3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
sk_s2hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 33s 34s -3%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
sk_t0hat_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 32s 35s -9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 4s -25%
sys_check_capability LP64 cvc5_arrays_exp ✅ 3s 3s +0%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 2s -50%
unpack_pk_t1 LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 12s 11s +9%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
unpack_sk LP64 cadical ✅ 63s 79s -20%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 3s -33%
unpack_sk_s1hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 85s 91s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 1s +200%
unpack_sk_s2hat LP64 cvc5_mbqi_enum ✅ 303s 315s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 3s -67%
unpack_sk_t0hat LP64 cadical ✅ 110s 115s -4%
LP64 z3* ✅ 3s 3s +0%
use_hint LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 2s 3s -33%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
yvec_get_poly LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 37s 40s -7%
LP64 z3* ✅ 2s 2s +0%
yvec_init LP64 bitwuzla ✅ 15s 16s -6%
LP64 z3* ✅ 1s 4s -75%

@mkannwischer
mkannwischer force-pushed the cbmc-matrix-expand-unroll branch from f498524 to 2f76958 Compare October 30, 2026 14:07
@mkannwischer
mkannwischer marked this pull request as draft October 31, 2026 02:04
CBMC skolemizes every asserted forall, but the propositional back end
expands assumed foralls over their constant range. A bound handed from
a callee's ensures to a caller's requires then becomes a symbolic read
at a fresh index that the solver has to relate to every expanded
instance, which makes the encoding very large for cadical.

Patch CBMC 6.11.0 with --no-forall-skolemization, which passes asserted
quantifiers to the back end unchanged so that they are expanded like
assumed ones. The patch also treats an empty instantiation range as
true (forall) or false (exists) instead of leaving the quantifier
unconstrained. The flag is off by default.

Signed-off-by: Matthias J. Kannwischer <matthias@zerorisc.com>
With the loop contracts, the matrix entries sampled in each iteration
are havocked at a symbolic offset into mld_polymat_eager, which makes
the propositional encoding very large.

For cadical only, fully unroll the sampling loops instead, so that
each entry is written at a constant offset. Unwinding assertions check
that the bounds cover all parameter sets. Also pass
--no-forall-skolemization for cadical. The z3 configurations and the
code are unchanged.

Add cadical as a second solver for polyvec_matrix_expand and
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial. Locally for ML-DSA-87, they take about
30s and 20s with cadical.

Signed-off-by: Matthias J. Kannwischer <matthias@zerorisc.com>
@mkannwischer

Copy link
Copy Markdown
Contributor Author

I've included this in #1521.

Sign up for free to join this conversation on GitHub. Already have an account? Sign in to comment

Labels

None yet

Projects

None yet

Development

Successfully merging this pull request may close these issues.

2 participants